The speaker discusses the difference between the inside view and the outside view. The inside view is a perspective informed by personal beliefs and facts that someone knows, leading to cognitive bias. The outside view is a perspective that is less subjective because it looks at different facts and is not emotionally tied up in the issue. Bringing in the outside view can provide a different sense of probabilities and issues. Base rates are a way to incorporate what is true of the world, independent of anyone’s beliefs. The interpretation of data doesn’t exist outside of us and requires someone to model the data. Exploring differences in views can lead to a more accurate model of the world.